MARINE GROWTH PREVENTION SYSTEM

October 4, 2018 at 1:55 PMadmin

 

MARINE GROWTH

 

Sea water contains both macro and micro marine organisms such as sea worm, molluscs, barnacles, algae, hard shells like acorn barnades etc. These organisms stick to the seawater circulation system of the ship and flourish over there, resulting in marine growth.

 

EFFECTS OF MARINE GROWTH

 

The fouling problem arises when barnacles, mussels and other lower forms of marine life as larvae enter pipework systems and settle on the internal surface of pipes where they rapidly grow and multiply. In the most extreme cases, complete seawater lines can become blocked, affecting the safety and operational capability of the ship. In other instances, the gradual restriction in the flow of seawater through cooling systems can impair engine efficiency, leading to increased fuel usage.

As the marine organisms flourish they block and narrow the passage of cooling water in the ship’s system resulting the following factors:

         Impairing the heat transfer system

         Overheating of several water-cooled machineries.

         Increase in the rate of corrosion and thinning of pipes.

         Reduced efficiency which can lead to loss of vessel speed, increase fuel uses and loss of time.

MARINE GROWTH PREVENTION SYSTEM (MGPS) WORKING PRINCIPLE:

         MGPS is based on the electrolytic principle and consists of either Precious metal oxide coated or Platinised TITANIUM or  NIOBIUM anodes which are fed with an impressed electrical current from a DC control panel.   The anti-fouling process is based on the electrolysis of part of the sodium chloride (NaCl) contained in sea water. The electrolysis is obtained by passing the sea water through a generating chamber containing Titanium electrolyzer.

 

 THE CHEMICAL AND ELECTROCHEMICAL REACTIONS WHICH OCCUR IN THE GENERATING CHAMBER ARE AS FOLLOWS:

1)         at the anode free chlorine is formed 2 Cl Cl + 2e2)

2)         at the cathode OH-ions are formed 2 H2O + 2e- 2 OH-+ H3 3)

3)         around the anode the OH- ions react with the Na+ ions and Cl2 to produce sodium hypochlorite 2 NaOH + Cl NaOCl + NaCl + H2O

Alongside these principal reactions which bring about the production of sodium hypochlorite, secondary reactions occur due to the actions which are present in sea water such as calcium and magnesium, forming hydrates and carbonates. - The sodium hypochlorite solution leaving the generating chamber is piped to the chlorine injection points situated on the sea chests to be mixed with the incoming sea water flow. - Then the chlorine-active contained in the solution oxidizes the organic substances found in sea water.

The adult organisms, for example mussels, are able to resist the effects of chlorine-active by closing themselves inside their shells. However unable to feed they will not settle in an environment where chlorine-active is present.

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